What is "longitude" in geodata?

Longitude refers to the angular distance of a point east or west of the Prime Meridian, which is the reference line set at 0 degrees longitude. It is a measurement that helps in determining a specific geographic position on the Earth's surface in conjunction with latitude, which measures the distance north or south of the Equator.

Longitude is expressed in degrees, with positive values indicating locations to the east of the Prime Meridian and negative values indicating those to the west. This system is essential for navigation and mapping, as it allows for precise identification of locations globally.

The other options describe different concepts: the first pertains to latitude, the third is related to meteorological observations, and the fourth discusses a geophysical measurement not related to geographical coordinates.