What are Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates?

Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates refer to a global map projection system that divides the Earth into a series of zones, each with its own unique coordinate system. The UTM projection enables accurate representation of the Earth's surface for large-scale mapping by using a cylindrical projection method. Each zone is 6 degrees of longitude wide, allowing high accuracy for coordinates within that zone.

As an inherently metric system, UTM coordinates are measured in meters, which simplifies calculations and enhances usability in engineering and mapping tasks. This segmented, zone-based approach minimizes distortions that occur with other mapping systems and aids in accurate location plotting. Each zone is designed to provide a way to project the latitude and longitude onto a flat surface while maintaining a high level of precision for distances and areas.

In contrast, other options do not describe UTM accurately. UTM does involve latitude and longitude but focuses specifically on a projection method rather than just global positioning. The options related to area calculations or standards for measuring heights above sea level do not directly pertain to the UTM coordinates, further distinguishing the correct choice.